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There are so many types of fused refractory bricks, which one is the most suitable for use in glass melting furnaces?

2022-04-26 10:51:22
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The fused refractory material is made by melting the prepared mixture in an electric arc furnace, then pouring it in a sand mold, and then machining the ingot after heat treatment. The smelting process can obtain complete coarse crystals and dense structures. Compared with sintered refractories, it has the characteristics of compact structure, low porosity, high bulk density, high mechanical strength and high temperature structural strength, and strong resistance to glass liquid erosion. The main varieties currently produced are: fused titanium corundum, fused zirconium corundum bricks, fused chromium zirconium corundum bricks, fused quartz bricks, fused corundum bricks, etc. Fused aluminum chrome sand


 1. Fused mullite brick


 Mullite brick is an aluminum-silicon system refractory product with mullite as the main crystal phase. The refractory temperature is around 1850℃, the load softening temperature is high, the high temperature creep rate is low, and the thermal shock resistance is good. Fused chrome sand uses high alumina bauxite as raw material, and different bauxites are mixed into mullite composition (3Al2O3·2SiO2, the mass fractions are: Al2O3 72%, SiO2 28%). It is melted at around 2300°C, cast in a sand mold at 1850°C, and then annealed to relieve stress. The main crystal phases are mullite and corundum, and the glass phase is filled between the crystal phases. Its resistance to glass erosion is stronger than that of sintered refractories, but not as good as other materials. Adding a small amount (7% 8.5%) of zirconium dioxide can make the mullite crystal smaller and the brick structure dense, and the mullite content increases to 60% 70%, which relatively reduces the content of the glass phase and reduces the product quality. crack. Fused mullite bricks have been basically replaced by fused zirconium bricks.


Fused aluminum chrome sand manufacturers


 Fused Titanium Corundum


 2. Fused zirconium corundum brick


 Fused zirconium corundum brick belongs to Al2O3-ZrO2-SiO2 system (AZS brick for short). According to the content of ZrO2, it is divided into three grades, and the corresponding grades are: AZS-33 (containing ZrO2 33%), AZS~36 (containing ZrO2 36%), AZS-41 (containing ZrO2 41%).


 Fused zirconium corundum bricks are made of zircon and industrial alumina as the main raw materials, and then add a small amount of zircon-rich sand (in order to increase the content of ZrO2), soda ash and borax.


 According to the different atmosphere during melting, there are two kinds of reduction melting method and oxidative melting method. At present, the oxidation method is the main method. The oxidation melting method can remove the pollution caused by the graphite electrode in the molten liquid, and the carbon content is low (0.005% 0.02%), which can reduce the bubble content in the glass and improve the quality of the glass liquid.


 The precautions for the use of fused zirconium corundum bricks are as follows.


 ①Irregular changes in thermal expansion


 Fused zirconium corundum bricks are characterized by stable and dense organization, and strong resistance to glass liquid erosion. The thermal expansion curve of the brick containing 31%33%ZrO2 is shown in Figure 1. It can be seen from the figure that there is abnormal expansion between 9001200℃.


 ②Electrical insulation


 The electrical insulation of fused zirconium corundum bricks is good, and decreases with the increase of temperature. Zirconium corundum brick.


 ③ Thermal conductivity


 The thermal conductivity of fused zirconium corundum brick is twice that of clay brick. Therefore, when making pool wall bricks, the cooling air volume required near the liquid level should be twice as large as when clay bricks are used as pool walls.


 3. Fused corundum brick


 Fused corundum brick is made of high-purity alumina as raw material, and a small amount of soda ash is introduced, and it is melted at 2000-2200 ℃. The production process is similar to that of high aluminum products. There are fused α-corundum bricks, fused α, β-corundum bricks, fused β-corundum bricks, etc. Fused α-corundum brick is mainly suitable for melting borosilicate glass, opal glass and molten body containing sulfate. The composition of fused α, β-corundum bricks only contains a small amount of glass phase, which will not ooze out during use, less pollution to the molten glass, and will not color the molten glass in direct contact with the molten glass, and has good corrosion resistance. Ideal material for kiln cooling section walls, kiln bottom and launders of float glass melting furnaces. The fused corundum brick is suitable for the upper structure of the working pool of the melting furnace and the combustion port at the rear of the melting zone and its surrounding breast walls, small furnace flats and other parts.


 4. Fused chrome zirconium corundum brick


 10% 30% Cr2O3 is introduced into AZS-33 bricks, and fused chromium zirconium corundum bricks (abbreviated as AZCS bricks, French grade ER2161) are produced by the no-shrinkage casting method. The exterior and interior of the bricks are dark green. The brick contains 4.5% shrinkage cavity and no connected pores. Due to the formation of aluminum-chromium spinel solid solution, the viscosity of the glass phase is increased, and the corrosion resistance of glass liquid is greatly improved. It is 3.4 times that of fused AZS-33 bricks and 2.6 times that of fused AZS-41 bricks.


 5. Fused Quartz Brick


 The production process of fused silica brick is the same as that of quartz glass. Using high-purity quartz sand (SiO2 content above 99.5%) as raw material, adding a small amount of Na20 as a mineralizer, melting in a graphite resistance furnace (17501800 ℃). After melting, the whole molten material is quickly taken out, rolled into bricks, cooled in air and then machined. The thermal expansion coefficient is extremely small, and the thermal shock resistance is good. The boron-resistant glass liquid has strong corrosion resistance, but it is not resistant to the erosion of soda-lime-silica glass liquid.


 6. Zircon brick


 The main component of zircon products is ZrO2·SiO2. Zircon is decomposed into ZrO2 and SiO2 when heated at 1680℃. Zircon product liquid glass has good corrosion resistance, aluminum zirconium silicon (AZS) cast bricks and fired bricks have good resistance to glass liquid erosion, and can be used for the pool wall and upper structure of glass melting furnaces.


 Zircon bricks are refractory products fired with zircon as the main raw material. Zircon is a compound in the ZrO2-SiO2 system, and its chemical formula is ZrSiO4. The theoretical chemical composition of zircon is: ZrO2 67.2%, SiO2 32.8%. Zircon bricks have excellent properties such as high temperature resistance, good thermal vibration resistance and glass erosion resistance.


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